Mexico City 1968, the first Summer Games I remember.

As a blindly patriotic eight-year-old, however, my memories revolve mainly around David Hemery, Britain's 400 metres hurdles gold medallist.

Or, to quote the BBC's David Coleman: "HEMERY!!"

My main recollection of the black power salute is of a tut-tuttingly English sense of mild disapproval.

What were we thinking?

More than four decades on, John Carlos (pictured above, right), one of the two American 200m medallists who raised gloved fists on the Mexico victory podium, is talking me through the lead-up to this historic gesture from a London hotel within racing distance of Wembley Stadium.

"We had been planning on doing a boycott of the Games," he tells me.

But many black athletes and other supporters of the civil rights movement "felt it was difficult for them to consider giving up their 15 minutes in the sun".

There was a vote and the boycott idea was dropped.

Once Carlos and the teammate he generally refers to as "Mr Smith" (Tommie Smith (pictured above, centre), the eventual gold medallist) had fought their way through to the final of their event, though, Carlos felt that he still wanted to "make a statement".

"From that point on we started bringing the artefacts together," he said.

I put it to Carlos, who ultimately crossed the line third, that at the halfway point in the final – which can be viewed here – he had the race at his mercy.

"I shut it down," he tells me.

"I didn't go there to win the gold medal...

"The last 80 metres I was striding, looking for Tommie to come.

"Ten metres from the finish-line I [remembered] Peter Norman (the Australian silver medallist).

"The most powerful part of his race was the last 20 metres."

Though first and third, rather than first and second, the two black Americans had made it to the podium, and it was here that they made the famous black-gloved salute that would change their lives, but also help to transform those of millions of others.

In the 21st century, protest groups of all stripes have become adept at commandeering the mass media to try to get their message across.

In 1968, though, Smith and Carlos' action was very much a novelty – and all the more shocking for that.

"It was the first time ever on planet earth that anyone had gone to a spectacle like the Olympic Games and done something as stunning as that," Carlos explains.

"It was right in their face.

"Not just people in the stadium, it was televised around the world."

Carlos' "artefacts" went considerably beyond Tommie Smith's now famous black gloves, one of which Carlos donned.

The two men took to the podium in black stockinged feet.

Carlos' tracksuit top was unzipped, displaying a string of beads honouring victims of racially-motivated lynchings.

And then there were the Puma shoes.

Carlos tells me he placed his shoe "right where the logo was visible for the world" because the company had come to his assistance on two important occasions.

During a trip to Trinidad in 1965, an airline strike had led to him being stranded there for an extra 30 days at a time when his wife was pregnant because, he says, no one else would honour his ticket back.

By the time he returned, he had lost his job.

"I went to Puma; they didn't know who I was but they gave me a job in the stock-room."

The company later also helped to send four members of the New York Pioneer Club Carlos belonged to, including one Bob Beamon, to California.

For these small kindnesses, Puma has a niche in one of the most iconic images in sporting history.

During the moments he stood on the podium with his left arm raised, one of the thoughts that flashed through Carlos' mind was a "vision" he had as a small boy.

"Everybody was excited," he tells me.

"I was on a box. I realised they were applauding for something I had done. I went to wave to the people. I'm right-handed, but I did it with my left hand. I barely got my hand up before people started cussing.

"In Mexico City 15 years later, that's what happened."

The reaction plainly got to Carlos.

He told reporters at a subsequent press conference: "You think of us as animals. Tommie and I heard them boo tonight and we saw their white faces. What I say is, and I want you to print this right or not at all, that white people who go to see blacks perform and can boo them like they did tonight, should not go to see us at all."

Not everyone booed: Carlos now describes the response of teammates and others as "mixed opinion; some with, some against; a mixed basket of fruit."

Sir Roger Bannister, the Briton who had broken the four-minute mile barrier, to his eternal credit, expressed the view that the podium demonstration was "a gesture conducted with dignity and poise and all very memorable".

Silver medallist Norman wore an Olympic Project for Human Rights badge.

Neil Allen, the man from The Times, wrote perceptively that Smith and Carlos had "made sporting history by becoming the first Olympic champions, not to make money, but to make racial political capital out of the most treasured moments of their sporting careers".

The boos were, of course, only the start of the two men's problems.

Indeed, Carlos reckons it took all of 35 years for the negativity of much of the initial reaction to their gesture to begin in earnest to be transformed.

In that difficult period, undoubtedly the most painful moments came after his first wife had taken her own life.

Carlos still believes that the overwhelming importance of their goals justified the dark times.

His and Smith's demonstration was, he argues, "very, very necessary to bring attention to social issues...

"It was like shock treatment.

"Our conscience had gone to sleep to such an extent we didn't care about the fate of our fellow man...

"We didn't want to hurt the Olympic Movement or take anything away from the athletes," Carlos says.

However: "We felt this was far more important; this was about humanity...

"How could you not say the Olympics had everything to do with humanity?

"Humanity is the blood and guts of the Olympics."

Before leaving Mexico, Carlos reveals to me, he had a hand in another substantial piece of sporting history – Bob Beamon's (pictured above) epochal 29ft 2½in long jump, a leap that shattered the then world record by not far off two feet.

"Bob and I grew up together," Carlos, who was born in Harlem, tells me.

Explaining how Beamon "almost didn't make the team", Carlos relates how he tried to offer the long-jumper helpful advice.

"I told him, 'It's like an aeroplane,'" he says.

"It doesn't just take off. It goes to the start-line, it gets psyched up and it blazes down the runway.

"I had him work out in the sprints. He had run 9.3secs in the 100 [yards]. So I got him up to speed and then said, 'Go work on your steps'."

The rest, as they say, is history.

I had expected Carlos to have mixed feelings to say the least about the Olympic Movement, but in fact he comes across as reasonably positive.

"I always cherish the Olympics because it does so much for young individuals," he tells me.

"Everyone who has a God-given talent has a right for the world to see it. That's what it's for.

"On the athletic field, it's fantastic, but in terms of administration and vision, they could do a lot better job."

It is also good to verify that the bronze medal hanging around Carlos' neck when he took his stand is similarly cherished.

"My mum has my medal," he tells me.

While it has, he says, "no significant value" to him, "there is a possibility it might mean everything to my kids.

"In the Carlos household, the medal is revered.

"I am happy that they are happy with it."

Amen to that.

-David Owen

Source: www.insidethegames.biz

In 1968 he raised his fist and helped make the Olympic podium a political one - and he is determined to keep the flame alive

Meet half of sport's most rousing double act. John Carlos and Tommie Smith were the 200-metre dashers behind the most iconic image of the umbilical link between the competitive arts and political reality: the "Black Power Salute" in Mexico City that seared through the 1968 Olympics like a 1,000-volt bolt, electro-shocking millions watching the first Games to be televised live.

The legacy, however, is complex. If they hadn't flung open the doors for those seeking to better society from an Olympic platform, would 11 Israelis have been killed in Munich four years later? Would gunmen be preparing to occupy London's rooftops? Yet perhaps even the most hideous prices are worth paying for freedom of speech. Besides, if Elvis Presley hadn't ignited rock 'n' roll, somebody else would have.

To Harry Edwards, linchpin of the Olympic Project for Human Rights that Carlos helped launch and whose badge he and Smith wore, the protest was "inspirational". Brent Musburger denounced them as "black-skinned stormtroopers" and became one of America's best-paid broadcasters. But the salute wasn't solely about black empowerment. Smith raised his black-gloved right fist as a symbol of precisely that but Carlos hoisted his left, to celebrate unity. He left his tracksuit open as a salute to Harlem's underclass, "to black and white".

To Jesse Jackson it was "a statement for the ages... an act of righteous defiance". Inevitably, the US establishment let rip with both barrels. "Angrier, Nastier, Uglier" sneered Time magazine. Avery Brundage, the ancient IOC emperor, anti-semite and Nazi sympathiser bent on insulating the Games from the meddlesome tentacles of the real world, saw only "warped mentalities and cracked personalities". Carlos calls Brundage "sport's J Edgar Hoover".

Nor was every African-American a brother. When George Foreman began his climb to fame, glory and grilling-machine fortune by winning the heavyweight boxing gold that October, he waved a miniature Star-Spangled Banner. For all his dignity, Carlos still bristles at Foreman's anti-solidarity, at Brundage's anti-humanity.

He is still strident and straight-backed, but a ligament problem impairs his walking. Fresh in from California, he is here for a tour taking in Brixton, Broadwater Farm and East Sussex, to promote The John Carlos Story with Dave Zirin, the co-author who has been lauded by the Washington Post as the "conscience of American sportswriting".

To spend 36 hours with this wise, laconic and vibrant sexagenarian is to enter the set of Woody Allen's Midnight in Paris. Time spools back, scenes are expertly plotted and you can't see the walls for legends. But instead of a Jazz Age bash with Ernest, Salvador, Scott and Zelda, the party is full-on Sixties and strictly black and white. Meet Ali and Miles, Malcolm X and Martin Luther King: the pillars of African-American resistance. Carlos has every right to be at their shoulders.

The defiant ones paid dearly. "Including Peter Norman," Carlos stresses, underscoring the role played by the silver medallist who was ostracised in his native Australia, whose 2006 funeral the two Americans attended as pallbearers.

In 1968 Brundage ordered them home, to death threats and dead ends; work came grudgingly. Shadowed by the FBI, Carlos resisted an invitation to become a drug dealer and resurfaced as a high-school guidance counsellor. Then, on the 37th anniversary of that historic night, a statue of the salute was unveiled at San Jose University, propelling him from his shell.

He has but one regret: "I knew I'd cope, man, but I never considered the impact on my family." It contributed, he feels, to his divorce and hisex-wife's suicide. No less heartbreaking is the rift between him and Smith. After Carlos claimed he could have beaten his co-conspirator to the gold, Smith took extreme umbrage, hitting back with interest. Carlos discusses it gingerly: the scars run deep. Smith, he reasons, "had trouble sharingthe recognition".

To enlighten and rouse other generations: that is the motivation now. Being a gifted storyteller bridges the gap, the account of Carlos's1967 meeting with Dr King almost unbearably poignant.

"Why are you backing the proposed Olympic boycott by the OPHR?" wondered the fearless 22-year-old. "He said it was like throwing a stone in the water and seeing it ripple to the edge. Then I asked why he was going back to Memphis, where he'd already had death threats. His reply never leaves me: 'I have to go back and stand up for those that won't stand up for themselves, and for those that can't stand up for themselves.'"

His sporting role models were "Jackie and Jack", Robinson and Johnson. The first African-American to play major-league baseball in the 20th Century, Robinson took his boots to Carlos Snr, a Harlem cobbler. What tattooed itself on his son's consciousness was the Brooklyn Dodger's courage. "Jackie had the balls, the balls to take everything they threw at him." Ditto Johnson, the first black heavyweight world champion. "Jack was more in your face. Think about it. It's 1910 and you're the first black sporting champion. And you like white women. To put up with all they did to him and still come out fighting – maan, that takes balls."

He had the balls too. Still does. The anger's gone – "You can't win angry, can you, man?" – but the fire is nowhere near out. As he states in his book: "I still feel the old impulses, the old compulsions, to stand up and be heard, no matter the price." The inscription inside my copy is his mantra: "We live to make history".

The salute was about more than Vietnam or King's assassination or the Tlatelolco Massacre of hundreds, maybe thousands, of Mexican students a fortnight before.

"It was about the stories my father told me about fighting in the First World War. It was about the terrible things he was asked to do for a freedom he was denied when he returned home. It was about him being told where he could live, where his kids could go to school, and how low the ceiling would be on his very life."

He was cheered at Occupy Wall Street, and that sense of duty endures: the need to keep on keeping on. Bring up Michael Jordan and Tiger Woods and Carlos defends their right to enjoy the fruits of resistance while excusing themselves from the front line, though he does wonder "what they see when they look in the mirror".

Following an impassioned Q&A session for a packed house at the University of Brighton's Chelsea School of Sport, a small Twitter frenzy erupts among the students. Later, in Lewes, where Tom Paine conceived The Rights of Man, Zirin reads a tweet aloud, prolonging each syllable of "inspiring". The inspirer leans back in his chair, plainly touched. The next day's tutorials bring more of the same.

Being John Carlos may not be the easiest job in the world, but you suspect it is among the most spiritually rewarding.

www.independent.co.uk

altMay 17 - The Olympic Flame was officially handed over from Greece to Britain here this evening as the rain which had drummed down since mid-afternoon relented and gave way to a patch of blue sky.

The gold and yellow liveried British Airways plane which had carried the British party to Greece, and which will take them all back tomorrow, had the words "Our Moment To Shine" writ large upon it.

Until almost the last minute, it seemed that Greece's moment to shine would be clouded over entirely – but not so.

As Spyros Capralos, President of the Hellenic Olympic Committee, passed the Torch over to the Princess Royal (pictured above in pale blue), the next stage of London's Games, which had looked such an unlikely prospect seven years ago, was set in motion.

The site of the first modern Olympics of 1896, its deep marble steps a health and safety nightmare in the drumming rain, was perhaps a third full of umbrella-sporting spectators for the event which, according to the chairman of the London Organising Committee, Sebastian Coe, signals that London 2012 is fully "operational".

In his speech of acceptance, Coe – light on his feet as ever – adapted his planned opening paragraph by adding thanks to the hosts "for laying on the British weather for us".

The main return gift as far as the crowd were concerned was the presence in the official party – alongside the Princess Royal, Coe, Boris Johnson (pictured below, left) and Sports Minister Hugh Robertson (pictured below, left) – of Sir David Beckham (pictured below, centre), as the Greek announcer insisted on keep introducing him.

alt
Every mention of the man who might or might not be taking a future part in the Torch Relay, and who might or might not be a member of the Team GB football team, was enough to generate a whoosh of enthusiasm.

It will be a strange thing indeed if London 2012 sees no more of him.

"As we prepare to bring the Flame to the UK," Coe added, "we are reminded of our responsibility – like that of our predecessors in 1908 and 1948 – to stage Games that use the power of sport to unite the world in a celebration of achievement and inspiration in challenging times.

"A Games that will inspire the next generation to choose sport."

Earlier in the day, Coe had reflected: "This is really the beginning of the journey, once that flame starts on its route – eight thousand miles in 70 days, eight thousand torch bearers, within 10 miles, of 57 million people, over a thousand villages, towns and cities.

"I think people recognise there is no turning back now.

"It's theirs.

"In glorious technicolour."

 

Source: www.insidethegames.biz

By Mike Rowbottom

May 15 - The BBC has launched its coverage of this summer's Olympics here on the site where, 104 years ago, the first Games in London were held.

Among the leading names who will be fronting the BBC's coverage of the Games are Britain's 1988 Olympic 110 metres hurdles silver medallist Colin Jackson and American quadruple Olympic gold medallist Michael Johnson.

It is the 15th Games the BBC will have covered, dating back to the last Olympics in London in 1948.

Approximately 2,500 hours of live Olympic action will be screened on the BBC, with footage available on BBC One, BBC Two, BBC Three, BBC HD, BBC One HD and on the BBC Red Button around the clock.

As part of its coverage, the BBC is launching Radio 5 live Olympics extra, a brand new 24-hour radio station devoted to delivering extra coverage of the Games.

The BBC will provide a record number of broadcast hours for a sports event, and, as well as Jackson and Johnson, its pundits will include a range of British Olympians, such as sprinter and Sydney 2000 400m bronze medallist Katharine Merry, double gold medal winning rower James Cracknell (pictured below) and Darren Campbell, a member of the British squad that won the 4x100m relay at Athens in 2004.


Veteran news reader Huw Edwards will be joined by Hazel Irvine and Trevor Nelson for the Opening Ceremony of London 2012 on July 27 in the Olympic Stadium.

Irvine will also join the BBC One breakfast team, while former England striker Gary Lineker, Gabby Logan, Clare Balding, Jonathan Edwards and John Inverdale will be among the presenters.

Another of the presenters, the BBC's face of Formula One Jake Humphrey, told insidethegames: "It is completely by luck that we have had the chance to work on the biggest Olympics in our lifetime.

"Being given the opportunity to work on the Games, coinciding with it being in London...we've schlepped around to various Olympics, but it is simply the fact this is in London, that is what I am most excited about."

The BBC is also scheduling a host of Olympic and London related programming in the build up to and during London 2012.

This will include a portrait of Jamaican 100 metres sensation Usain Bolt, Olympics Most Amazing Moments and a three part series called British Olympic Dreams.

"The London 2012 Olympic Games is likely to be the biggest sporting event in the United Kingdom in our lifetimes and the BBC's coverage will ensure that our audiences never miss a moment," said Roger Mosey, the BBC's London 2012 director.

"As the nation's broadcaster we are committed to ensuring that viewers get the most from their Olympic experience and our comprehensive coverage will deliver on that promise.

"Alongside our sport offering, our news services will be providing impartial news coverage on all the big Olympic stories for the duration of the Games."


"BBC has a history of innovation," added BBC Sport director Barbara Slater, herself a former gymnast who competed for Britain at the 1976 Olympics in Montreal.

"In 2004 in Athens it was the first interactive Games, in Beijing the first HD Games and 2012 will be the most comprehensive coverage ever of an Olympic Games.

"We will be covering every session of every sport of every venue."

 

Source: www.insidethegames.biz

By David Gold

altMay 13 - Olympic revenues are set to smash through the $7 billion (£4 billion/€5 billion) barrier in the period including the London 2012 Games, confounding the economic gloom afflicting much of Europe including Greece, cradle of the Movement.

Calculations made by insidethegames suggest that the final figure for revenues derived from broadcasting, sponsorship, tickets and licensing could reach, or even exceed, $7.6 billion (£4.7 billion/€5.9 billion).

This would be around 40 per cent more than the $5.45 billion (£3.38 billion/€4.21 billion) generated in 2005-2008, itself a record – a burst of acceleration worthy of Jamaican sprint sensation Usain Bolt, especially given the background economic circumstances in Europe.

The final figure will fluctuate somewhat, depending on the exchange rate used to convert London 2012 revenues into United States dollars.

Earnings from London 2012 ticketing and licensing have also yet to be finalised.

However, income of $5.86 billion (£3.64 billion/€4.53 billion) from the Vancouver 2010 Winter Games, London 2012 broadcasting deals and the TOP worldwide sponsorship programme is already known.

London 2012 has also hit its target of £700 million ($1.13 billion/€871 million) in domestic sponsorship income, which would convert to a further $1.13 billion (£702 million/€873 million) at the present exchange rate.

 

Source: www.insidethegames.biz

By David Owen